National / international standardization efforts

Standard terminology is an essential component of modern CPRs. Terminology systems to use in CPRs are in different stages of development, implementation, and testing in various areas of the world. Duke University has an online source of links to coding systems.

A Uniform Minimum Health Data Set (UMHDS) is a minimum set of items of information with uniform definitions and categories, concerning a specific aspect or dimension of the health care system which meets the essential needs of multiple data users . Standardized formats include uniformly coded minimum data sets and/or uniform coding systems. One major source is the National Library of Medicine (NLM) Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). Other examples follow: [Top]

Examples of standardization efforts

• ICD-9 -International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) Based on the official version of the World Health Organization, ICD-9 is designed for classification of morbidity and mortality information for statistical purposes, and for the indexing of hospital records by disease and operations, for data storage and retrieval. Diagnoses and procedures coded in ICD-9-CM determine the DRG that controls reimbursement by US Public Health Service and Health Care Financing Administration programs, and most other payers. [Top]
• International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM)
• International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (ICIDH)
• UB-82 - Standard billing [Top]
• UAMCMDS - Ambulatory medical care
• CPT-5 - The Physicians' Current Procedural Terminology is a listing of descriptive terms and identifying codes for reporting medical services and procedures performed by physicians.
• LTHCMDS - Long term health care
• UHDDS - Uniform Hospital Data Discharge Set. Widely used in the US
• DRGs - Providing reimbursement [Top]
• SNOMED - Summarizing pathology reports
• Read Codes Read Clinical Classification (CAMS) - coding system, developed in the UK to cover all CPR terminologies
• HL-7 System for messaging standards for data flow between health care systems
• Assorted standards [Top]